FO / PFO Concentration

Mining & Tailings

water

Trevi applies forward osmosis and pressurized forward osmosis to pretreated mine, contact, and tailings-derived waters, recovering a water stream for polishing while shrinking the residual left to manage.

System boundary · Separate · Condition · Concentrate · Return

Mine Water Streams We Treat

Thickeners and filters recover bulk water from tailings solids; site systems collect contact water, seepage, and process streams with different chemistries. The next constraint may be solids, dissolved salts, scaling ions, reagents, acidity, metals, or the quality required for reuse or discharge.

Trevi's stage begins once a representative stream and inlet condition are defined: FO/PFO as the dissolved-solids concentration and water-recovery step inside the wider mine-water flowsheet.

Bulk dewatering
Thickeners, clarification, filtration, and solids handling prepare a defined liquid stream
Trevi FO / PFO
Move water across the membrane; dissolved constituents stay in a more concentrated residual
Recovered water
Polish and validate to the agreed process-reuse or discharge specification
Residual route
Send the reduced stream to further concentration, containment, disposal, or recovery

Trevi does not replace tailings thickening, filtration, transport, dam-safety engineering, or sitewide water management.

CAD rendering of a Trevi brine-concentration plant — top view
Mine-water context · The treatment train starts with a sitewide water balance and representative assay
Design inputs · The site water balance

Designing Around the Site Water Balance

A viable project connects four boundaries: the stream available, the water the operation can reuse, the heat the site can supply, and the residual it can manage. Trevi starts there.

  1. 01

    Inventory the water

    Map source, flow, temperature, seasonality, current treatment, and the site's reuse and discharge balance.

  2. 02

    Characterize the feed

    We characterize trace metals, sulfate, and scale-forming species specific to the ore body, loads a generic panel won't capture.

  3. 03

    Define the return-water target

    Set the quality required for process reuse, dust control, discharge, or further treatment.

  4. 04

    Close the residual and energy paths

    Identify available waste, geothermal, or solar heat and define where the concentrated residual will go.

Submit a Feed Review
Recovered mineral specimen
Resource-recovery handoff · Assay, selectivity, and product quality are separate project work
Adjacent scope · Concentration is not extraction

Water Recovery and Mineral Recovery

Water recovery moves water out of a conditioned stream and leaves the dissolved constituents in less liquid. If that residual holds minerals of interest, its value is established in a separate program. Special Project Delivery takes the mineral-recovery handoff into critical-resource infrastructure development.

  1. 01

    Water recovery asks one question

    Can the site produce and use a defined water stream while managing a smaller residual?

  2. 02

    Mineral recovery asks another

    Are target minerals present at useful concentrations relative to competing ions and downstream separation requirements?

  3. 03

    Extraction completes the flowsheet

    Selective extraction, purification, yield, and economics determine whether a concentrated stream becomes a product. Trevi's DDX solvent-extraction draw solutions, recovered using low-grade heat, can serve that step.

Explore Critical Minerals
Project sequence · Four controlled steps

Four Steps From Assay to Returned Water

Each step narrows the operating envelope before scale.

  1. 01

    Characterize

    Confirm the full assay, flow and temperature profile, variability, water balance, endpoint, and residual constraint.

  2. 02

    Clarify and condition

    Set solids removal, pretreatment, pH and scaling controls, and the inlet specification for a stable test.

  3. 03

    Transfer and regenerate

    FO or PFO transfers water into Trevi's draw solution; heat separates the water and returns the draw to the loop.

  4. 04

    Polish, return, and route

    Validate the recovered water against its specification and direct the residual to its downstream step.

Trevi mobile water-treatment equipment beside a California orchard
Evidence boundary · Brine-concentration platform reference

Relevant Equipment Experience

Trevi ran a 25 m³/day mobile FO/PFO brine-concentration platform across five California sites under the National Alliance for Water Innovation, concentrating reverse-osmosis brine, agricultural drainage, and oil-and-gas wastewater on a single skid.

Trevi is also under contract for mining-industry water concentration and resource recovery. Client, stream, and performance details are not public.

On that contract, the mine requires 85% water recovery from its tailings pond with ultra-low chlorides in the finished water. With a 240 m³/hr reject stream and very high hardness, the duty suits Trevi's SaltVault™ brine-concentration platform. The site and operator remain undisclosed.

25 m³/day
NAWI mobile brine-concentration platform, run across five California sites
Feed disclosure
Proprietary; chemistry and mining relevance are not disclosed

This describes the platform, not a mining-performance claim: recovery, rejection, energy, and residual behavior are established per feed and flowsheet.

Define a Site-Specific Test
Start with the mine-water basis

Bring the assay, water balance, heat profile, and return-water target. We'll define the next test.

Mining & Tailings Water Treatment | Trevi Systems